What is JLPT N4?
The JLPT N4 is the second level of the Japanese Language Proficiency Test, designed for elementary-level learners. It tests your ability to understand basic Japanese used in everyday situations.
At the N4 level, you should be able to read and comprehend passages on familiar daily topics written in basic vocabulary and kanji, and listen to slow-paced conversations about everyday situations.
Key Takeaways
- Master ~300 kanji and ~1,500 vocabulary words
- Study time: 550-787 hours depending on background
- Passing score: 90/180 points with sectional minimums
- Test duration: 95 minutes total
Test Structure
Section 1: Language Knowledge (Vocabulary/Grammar) & Reading
Time: 60 minutes
Minimum Score: 38/120 points
This section tests:
- Vocabulary knowledge and usage
- Grammar patterns and sentence structure
- Reading comprehension of short passages
- Understanding of basic daily topics
Section 2: Listening
Time: 35 minutes
Minimum Score: 19/60 points
This section tests:
- Understanding slow-paced conversations
- Comprehension of daily life situations
- Following simple instructions and announcements
- Identifying key information from dialogues
What You Need to Know
Kanji: ~300 Characters
The N4 requires knowledge of approximately 300 kanji characters, building on the 100 kanji from N5. These include:
- All N5 kanji (numbers, time, family, basic verbs)
- Kanji for common places (restaurant, workplace, school)
- Kanji for weather, nature, and animals
- Kanji for hobbies and daily activities
- Basic compound kanji words
Pro Tip: Learn kanji radicals and component meanings. This helps you memorize characters more efficiently and recognize new words.
Vocabulary: ~1,500 Words
Master approximately 1,500 vocabulary words, including:
- Basic nouns, verbs, and adjectives
- Commonly used expressions and phrases
- Adverbs and conjunctions
- Katakana loanwords for everyday items
- Workplace and school-related vocabulary
Grammar: Essential Patterns
Key grammar points to master:
- Particle usage (は, が, を, に, で, へ, と, から, まで)
- Verb conjugations (past, present, negative, te-form)
- Adjective types (い-adjectives and な-adjectives)
- Polite and casual speech forms
- Conditional expressions (たら, ば, と, なら)
- Desire and intention (たい, つもり, よう)
- Giving and receiving verbs (あげる, くれる, もらう)
Proven Study Strategies
1. Create a Study Schedule
Consistency is key. Aim for 1-2 hours daily over 6-12 months:
- Months 1-3: Focus on vocabulary and kanji foundation
- Months 4-6: Deep dive into grammar patterns
- Months 7-9: Practice reading comprehension
- Months 10-12: Intensive listening practice and mock tests
2. Master Kanji Systematically
- Learn 5-10 new kanji per day
- Review previous kanji daily using spaced repetition
- Write each kanji multiple times to memorize stroke order
- Learn common compound words for each kanji
- Use mnemonics and radical breakdowns
3. Build Vocabulary Through Context
- Learn words in example sentences, not isolation
- Group vocabulary by themes (food, travel, work)
- Use flashcards with spaced repetition (Anki, Quizlet)
- Practice writing sentences with new vocabulary
- Read simple Japanese texts (manga, children's books)
4. Practice Grammar in Real Contexts
- Study one grammar point thoroughly before moving on
- Create your own example sentences
- Do grammar exercises from JLPT prep books
- Identify grammar patterns while reading
- Practice transforming sentences (positive ↔ negative, past ↔ present)
5. Improve Listening Skills
- Listen to Japanese podcasts for beginners
- Watch anime with Japanese subtitles
- Practice with JLPT listening exercises
- Shadow native speakers to improve pronunciation
- Listen to the same content multiple times
6. Take Practice Tests
- Start practice tests 2-3 months before the exam
- Simulate real test conditions (timing, no breaks)
- Review mistakes thoroughly and understand why
- Track your progress and identify weak areas
- Take at least 3-5 full practice tests
Common Mistakes to Avoid
Neglecting Listening Practice
Many students focus only on reading and fail the listening section. Practice listening daily.
Cramming Before the Test
Language learning requires consistent practice over time. Start studying at least 6 months in advance.
Ignoring Weak Areas
You need to pass both sectional minimums. Don't rely on one strong section to carry you.
Not Reviewing Mistakes
Simply doing practice tests isn't enough. Analyze every mistake and understand the correct answer.
Learning Kanji Without Context
Memorizing kanji in isolation is inefficient. Always learn them with vocabulary words and example sentences.
Test Day Tips
- Arrive early: Get to the test center 30 minutes before start time
- Bring required items: Test voucher, photo ID, pencils, eraser, watch
- Manage your time: Don't spend too long on difficult questions
- Read carefully: Many questions test subtle differences in meaning
- Stay calm: If you don't know an answer, make an educated guess and move on
Ready to Start Your N4 Journey?
Passing JLPT N4 requires dedication and consistent practice, but with the right approach, it's absolutely achievable. Remember: focus on building a strong foundation, practice regularly, and don't neglect any section of the test.
Start your preparation today with Rocket JLPT's comprehensive study tools and track your progress every step of the way!